An arrangement of Photovoltaic modules interconnected electrically and mounted on a structure is referred to as a solar panel. The photo voltaic cell is an assembly of solar cells. The solar panel is used to supply electric power to residential complexes or commercial establishments. The output from the panel is DC and for supplying power to the user, an inverter is used to convert it to AC.
The area required for housing the module is directly proportional to its power output. Since the capacity of the solar module is limited, any installation for power will have multiple modules. Solar panels are self-contained with all internal wires completed and the power can be drawn from the terminals to charge batteries. A controller is used for adjusting the load current and for regulating the power to the connected batteries. That keeps the battery voltage at its optimum value.